Hi Mel,
I haven't seen much discussion about this in Singapore, so I want to say a bit more about this, in case it is of some use to the sisters who face male fertility issues.
Some men have DNA fragmentation in their sperms. It means the sperms' DNA is damaged. If DNA fragmentation is above 30%, the man is practically infertile, even with IVF. The embryos don't tend to survive beyond a certain number of days (5-8), hence no implantation. Or if there is implantation, the embryo is weak so it could end up being an ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage. The DNA fragmentation test is not routinely done as part of the sperm test in most clinics here. NUH does not. We only found out that my husband had this issue when he went to the TCM shinshei Madam Tan in Jurong, who then sent him to see Dr Chen in Gleneagles. As part of the sperm test there, they also did DNA fragmentation. It can be caused by different things, e.g. smoking, exposure to radiation and varicocele (enlargement of veins in the scrotum). If a man has this issue, his sperm test tends to show low in everything (morphology, etc) or it can show normal.
We did discuss with Prof and he recommended husband taking high dosage of Vitamins C and E, which is consistent with what we've read on the internet. basically these are antioxidants, to reduce the damage to sperm DNA. it's the least invasive method. It seems to be universally recommended. We did that. In my 2nd cycle, I was pregnant but it was ectopic. So we did feel that it helped. Maybe just not enough. Surgery (to correct varicocele, which my husband has) is another possibility, but its success rate is not that high (i can't remember exactly but it is more than 50% but below 80%). That is the reason why we didn't go for surgery yet and wanted to try some cycles first.
Prof didn't seem very concerned about this DNA fragmentation thing when we discussed it with him in 2010. Also, at that time I didn't find a lot of women talking about it in all the US IVF forums yet. But when I look at it now, I see there's been a bit of progress in the last 2 years; a lot more clinics do that test now and more husbands have gone for surgery etc. In cases where DNA fragmentation decreases after surgery to a more acceptable level, some people get pregnant naturally and some people have success with IVF after that.
Since I am willing to go through another cycle (and with no subsidies or CPF this time), i feel that I should deal with this DNA fragmentation issue more aggressively. We didn't discuss it with Prof in our review so I intend to go back to talk to him about it.